📜 50 Important Questions & Answers on Modern Indian History
🔹 British Rule & Revolt of 1857
1️⃣ When did the British East India Company establish its first factory in India?
✅ 1612 (Surat)
2️⃣ Who was the first Governor-General of India?
✅ Warren Hastings
3️⃣ Which battle marked the beginning of British rule in India?
✅ Battle of Plassey (1757)
4️⃣ Who led the Revolt of 1857 in Kanpur?
✅ Nana Sahib
5️⃣ Who was the last Mughal Emperor of India?
✅ Bahadur Shah II
6️⃣ Which British Governor-General introduced the Doctrine of Lapse?
✅ Lord Dalhousie
7️⃣ Who was known as the ‘Tiger of Mysore’?
✅ Tipu Sultan
8️⃣ What was the main reason for the failure of the Revolt of 1857?
✅ Lack of unity and proper leadership
9️⃣ Which British officer suppressed the Revolt of 1857 in Delhi?
✅ General John Nicholson
🔟 What was the immediate cause of the Revolt of 1857?
✅ Introduction of the Enfield rifle cartridges
🔹 Social & Reform Movements
1️⃣1️⃣ Who founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828?
✅ Raja Ram Mohan Roy
1️⃣2️⃣ Which reformer is known as the ‘Father of the Indian Renaissance’?
✅ Raja Ram Mohan Roy
1️⃣3️⃣ Who founded the Arya Samaj in 1875?
✅ Swami Dayananda Saraswati
1️⃣4️⃣ Who started the Widow Remarriage Movement in India?
✅ Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
1️⃣5️⃣ Who was the first woman to become the President of the Indian National Congress?
✅ Annie Besant
1️⃣6️⃣ Which social reformer is known as ‘Mahatma’ besides Gandhi?
✅ Jyotirao Phule
1️⃣7️⃣ Who founded the Theosophical Society in India?
✅ Annie Besant
1️⃣8️⃣ Which law abolished Sati in India?
✅ Bengal Sati Regulation Act (1829)
1️⃣9️⃣ Who was the first Indian to pass the Indian Civil Services (ICS) Exam?
✅ Satyendranath Tagore
2️⃣0️⃣ Who was the first Indian woman to receive the Nobel Prize?
✅ Mother Teresa (Peace, 1979)
🔹 Freedom Struggle (1857-1947)
2️⃣1️⃣ Who founded the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885?
✅ A.O. Hume
2️⃣2️⃣ Who was known as ‘Lokmanya’?
✅ Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2️⃣3️⃣ What was the slogan of Bal Gangadhar Tilak?
✅ “Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it!”
2️⃣4️⃣ Who led the Salt March (Dandi March) in 1930?
✅ Mahatma Gandhi
2️⃣5️⃣ Which movement was launched in 1920 against British rule?
✅ Non-Cooperation Movement
2️⃣6️⃣ Who gave the slogan ‘Do or Die’ during the Quit India Movement?
✅ Mahatma Gandhi
2️⃣7️⃣ Who formed the Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army)?
✅ Subhas Chandra Bose
2️⃣8️⃣ Which pact was signed between Gandhi and Irwin in 1931?
✅ Gandhi-Irwin Pact
2️⃣9️⃣ Which movement started in response to the Partition of Bengal in 1905?
✅ Swadeshi Movement
3️⃣0️⃣ Which Congress session officially declared ‘Purna Swaraj’ (Complete Independence)?
✅ Lahore Session (1929)
🔹 Important Events & Acts
3️⃣1️⃣ Who was the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize?
✅ Rabindranath Tagore (Literature, 1913)
3️⃣2️⃣ When did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre happen?
✅ 13 April 1919
3️⃣3️⃣ Which act is known as the ‘Black Act’?
✅ Rowlatt Act (1919)
3️⃣4️⃣ When was the Simon Commission sent to India?
✅ 1927
3️⃣5️⃣ Which act granted India its independence?
✅ Indian Independence Act (1947)
3️⃣6️⃣ Who was the last Viceroy of British India?
✅ Lord Mountbatten
3️⃣7️⃣ Which act introduced separate electorates for Muslims in India?
✅ Morley-Minto Reforms (1909)
3️⃣8️⃣ Which act introduced the Dyarchy system in India?
✅ Government of India Act, 1919
3️⃣9️⃣ Which British Viceroy implemented the Partition of Bengal?
✅ Lord Curzon
4️⃣0️⃣ Who designed the Indian National Flag?
✅ Pingali Venkayya
🔹 India After Independence
4️⃣1️⃣ When did India officially become a republic?
✅ 26 January 1950
4️⃣2️⃣ Who was the first Prime Minister of independent India?
✅ Jawaharlal Nehru
4️⃣3️⃣ Who was the first President of India?
✅ Dr. Rajendra Prasad
4️⃣4️⃣ Who was the first Law Minister of India?
✅ Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
4️⃣5️⃣ Who is known as the ‘Iron Man of India’?
✅ Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
4️⃣6️⃣ Which movement led to the creation of Andhra Pradesh in 1953?
✅ Vishalandhra Movement
4️⃣7️⃣ When was the Indian Constitution adopted?
✅ 26 November 1949
4️⃣8️⃣ Which was the first state formed on a linguistic basis in India?
✅ Andhra Pradesh (1953)
4️⃣9️⃣ Who was India’s first Vice President?
✅ Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
5️⃣0️⃣ Who was the first woman Prime Minister of India?
✅ Indira Gandhi
These 50 important questions on Modern Indian History cover British rule, freedom movements, and India after independence, making them highly relevant for RRB Group D and other exams.